A range of development tools depending on an application’s or system’s requirements and the device or technology on which it will be used. Laptops and remote connect capabilities enable developers to code and troubleshoot wherever — and whenever — they need. Written code submitted to a keypunch operator who “punched” the code on cards which then comprised the program. Into the late 1970s, terminals were shared among several programmers and only used when ready to enter their code. Code was then printed on line printers with green bar paper and reviewed for possible syntax or other errors before submitting for processing. An average-sized Member’s server includes 32GB of memory and 1.2TB of disk storage. servers, virtual machines, cloud mainframe era Early mainframes held as little as 24K of memory. Last mainframe upgrade included 48MB of memory costing $45,650 — and that was used memory! 1967-1998 in-house systems Average-sized configuration — 4GB of memory, 108GB of disk storage. 1980S-2003 Utility – Obtained readings through “self-read” meter cards mailed to the rural electric. In the 1980s, interfaced hand-held meter reading devices. Meter readers read “routes” of meters and transferred readings. Telecom – Received call detail records via magnetic tapes mailed or data transfer using modems. Data transfer could take many hours. Received payments through mail, drive-up windows and front counters. Added bank draft options in the 1980s. Submitted handwritten time sheets to Payroll staff for entering. at member sites Utility – Gather meter readings up to every five minutes through smart meters. Utility – Store smart meter data in NISC Meter Data Management System in the Cooperative Cloud, providing detailed information for analysis, system planning and end consumer information. Receive cash, check and credit card payments through website, smartphone, phone call, bank draft, kiosks, locations accepting MoneyGram or Fidelity Express and in-person. Enter time in Employee Self-Serve or AppSuite. at member sites